Lake Van is a natural marvel in Turkey, as it is surrounded by towering mountains and small streams that descend from the peaks. Offering a wealth of archaeological sites, Lake Van is one of the world’s largest lakes without an outlet, a volcanic eruption blocking it in ancient times.

Things to do

Akdamar Island is one of the largest islands in Lake Van, accessible only by boat. Atop the sandstone cliff is a natural freshwater spring, which enabled the island to be inhabited. Here you will find the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, built in the 10th century by Armenian Christians. Bas-relief scenes are carved into the exterior of the building, including a particularly detailed depiction of David and Goliath. Today it is a secular museum rather than a church, though occasional pilgrims still visit.

A massive stone fortification, Van Fortress is even older, first built in the 9th century BC. Its ruins are on a steep-sided hill, and one wall features an inscription by the Persian Emperor Xerxes I.

Getting there

There are twice-weekly buses to Lake Van from Ankara, plus Van Ferit Melen Airport, which has regular flights to major Turkish cities. Tatvan on the lake shore is accessible by train.